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    <title>Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative</title>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org</link>
    <description>The Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative publishes the proceedings of the annual TEI Conference and Members' Meeting and special thematic issues</description>  
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        <rdf:li resource="http://jtei.revues.org/425" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://jtei.revues.org/372" />
        <rdf:li resource="http://jtei.revues.org/398" />
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  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/369">
    <title>Editorial Introduction to the Second Issue</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="texte">It is my pleasure to introduce this second issue of the <em>Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative</em>, containing selected papers from the 2010 TEI Members Meeting, which was held from November 11 to 13 at the University of Zadar in Croatia.</p>
      <p class="texte">All the papers in this volume are derived from presentations at the conference. The theme of the conference was <em>Digital Texts and Language Resources</em>, with a rather open scope of possible applications. The submitted presentations and also the papers included in this volume clearly show a focus on themes which seem to be important to the TEI community, namely using the TEI for the encoding of manuscripts and manuscript descriptions, and the metadata used within the TEI and the relation to other metadata standards. A third, related topic, which is underlying in some of the papers and is foregrounded in others, is the question of tools for use with the TEI encoding schema.</p>
      <p class="texte">In their contribution “Mirroring the Community: The Present and Future of the TEI Com...</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Christian Wittern</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/369</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/372">
    <title>The Present and Future of the TEI Community for Manuscript Encoding</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">This article provides a detailed analysis of the current state, needs, and desires of members of the TEI community working with manuscript material, based on the results of a survey carried out by the authors. An analysis of the survey results provides insights into the practices, problems, and limitations of the community utilizing the TEI for manuscript encoding. The results demonstrate the existence of a steep learning curve  for the TEI, where many practitioners are self-taught and where learning-by-doing dominates; there exists a long gap between the first encounter with the TEI and its actual use in projects. Survey results highlight the need for user-friendly, bespoke tools facilitating the processing, analysis, and publishing of TEI-encoded texts.  Feedback on the Guidelines themselves reveals aspects that do not fully meet the needs of those encoding manuscript material. To better address these needs, a strengthening of the Special Interest Groups is proposed.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Marjorie Burghart</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Malte Rehbein</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/372</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/392">
    <title>A TEI-based Application for Editing Manuscript Descriptions</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">Within the Teuchos Group at the University of Hamburg we developed a software package that integrates a graphical user interface (GUI) as well as modules for automatic annotation of manuscripts. The main advantage of such a system is that the user works entirely in plain text, not needing to learn markup, with the system only saving in TEI P5 once the manuscript description is complete. This paper presents our software package, which includes a module for generating P5-conformant manuscript descriptions as well as several modules for automatic deep annotation of the manuscript transcription at the phrase level.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Cristina Vertan</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Stefanie Reimers</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/392</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/398">
    <title>A TEI P5 Manuscript Description Adaptation for Cataloguing Digitized Arabic Manuscripts</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">It is incumbent upon libraries holding Arabic manuscripts to provide access to digitized surrogates of their holdings. Users require access both by authority list and by content. Thus, an exhaustive cataloguing method is essential. The TEI P5 Manuscript Description module is a suitable tool for manuscript cataloguing, but it lacks certain features that would allow for exhaustive description of ancient Arabic manuscripts. In this article we make several suggestions that would augment the TEI P5 Manuscript Description module allowing for a richer and more accurate description and cataloging of ancient Arabic manuscripts.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Mohammed Ourabah Soualah</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Mohamed Hassoun</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/398</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/407">
    <title>Transforming Backward</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">The standard workflow for preparing digital editions for display involves writing XSL to transform handcrafted TEI into either 1) HTML for the web or 2) XSL-FO for conversion into a print friendly format such as PDF. With either method we implicitly recognize that TEI, even coupled with CSS, is not designed as a presentation technology. Many born-digital documents, however, are encoded in formats that are, such as HTML. Hypothetical future editions of such documents would most likely need to be supplemented by a document description that goes beyond the facilities of HTML to meet the needs of editors. Thus we foresee cases where born-HTML documents could be supplemented and described by TEI in much the same way as TEI currently supplements and describes manuscripts and printed books. In this paper we investigate ways that XHTML documents both with and without RDFa can be “transformed backward” into TEI. In addition to the digital edition use case, we also investigate a process for converting HTML content to TEI-based language corpora.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Grant Leyton Simpson</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Dot Porter</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/407</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/416">
    <title>Towards Finer Granularity in Metadata</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">In early 2010, the Austrian Academy of Sciences’ ICLTT instituted an experiment in selective metadata creation for a medium-sized collection (&#60;100 million tokens) of digitised periodicals. The project has two main objectives: (a) assigning basic structures to previously digitised texts, so-called <em>divisions</em> in TEI nomenclature, thus creating a set of new digital objects, and (b) the subsequent categorisation of these texts with the purpose of being able to create thematically organised sub-corpora. An additional objective was to have metadata stored as TEI headers.</p>        
      <p class="resume">Attempts at streamlining metadata creation are legion, in particular in the library community. Tools to do the job are often incorporated into workflow engines which consist of commercial products (such as <em>docWORKS[e]</em> and <em>C-3</em>) as well as free products such as <em>Goobi</em>, which incorporates the metadata creation tool <em>RusDML</em>, and the <em>Archivists’ Toolkit</em>™.</p>        
      <p class="resume">The experimental workflow being tested at the ICLTT is an attempt to capture detailed metadata for a comparatively large collection of digitised periodicals and other collective publications such as yearbooks, readers, commemorative publications, almanacs, and anthologies. While all higher-level digital objects in the corpus were furnished with metadata from the beginning of the digitisation process, the current experiment is designed to enrich this data to more fully describe the contents of the material at hand. To achieve this end, the department’s standard tools were adapted, which had the added benefit of keeping software production costs at a minimum.</p>        
      <p class="resume">While in earlier experiments of our group of researchers (metadata creators) created the TEI header for each text division manually, we have been trying to approach the problem by exploiting the contents section of the digitised issues and/or other secondary sources, which has resulted in a tangible acceleration of the process. Together with collecting basic data such as <em>author</em>, <em>title</em>, <em>publication date</em>, and <em>creation date</em>, the project classifies each division with a type of texts and topics, the latter using the standard <em>Dewey Decimal Classification</em> (version 22, German) with supplementary keywords.</p>        
      <p class="resume">This paper discusses a number of issues concerning the quality and type of resulting data. It also touches upon the issue of automation and at what points in the process human intervention is indispensible. Particular attention is directed at the software module for creating TEI headers.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Gerhard Budin</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Heinrich Kabas</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Karlheinz Mörth</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/416</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/425">
    <title>CroALa</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume"><a href="http://www.ffzg.unizg.hr/klafil/croala/">Croatiae auctores Latini</a> (CroALa), a text collection first published in 2009, makes freely accessible Latin texts written by or about people of Croatian origin from the Middle Ages to the twentieth century. The collection is intended primarily for scholars of Latin and neo-Latin literature and language and of Croatian history and culture. Texts are encoded in TEI XML and made searchable and readable online using <a href="http://sites.google.com/site/philologic3/">PhiloLogic</a>.</p>        
      <p class="resume">This edition is intended to become a starting point and a useful tool for serious research, both traditional and digital. What can be done, besides adding more texts, to stimulate such research? This article describes the editors’ solutions in the following six areas:</p>
      <ul class="resume">
        <li>fine-tuning the metadata and user interface to enable grouping of texts by author, period, genre, theme;</li>
        <li>providing language tools for users;</li>
        <li>adding supplemental material and links;</li>
        <li>making citations of CroALa texts easier and providing hyperlinks between texts;</li>
        <li>digitizing and providing access to finding aids for effective search and retrieval;</li>
        <li>disseminating the texts in outside repositories.</li>
      </ul>        
      <p class="resume">These enhancements are realized by XML encoding, XSLT stylesheets, and configuring PhiloLogic. These solutions are simple to implement and are within reach of an advanced, non-programmer computer user. The documentation of these solutions serves a twofold pedagogical purpose: first, to help newcomers find their way around the immense potential enabled by the TEI encoding scheme and, second, to encourage other humanities scholars to become makers—or, at least, adapters—of TEI-based digital tools. Simply put, if I did it, you can do it too!</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Neven Jovanović</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/425</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/432">
    <title>TEICHI and the Tools Paradox</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">This paper presents a newly developed framework for online publishing of scholarly text editions based on the TEI Guidelines. At the core of our publishing framework is support for delivery of TEI-encoded documents in Drupal, a popular, fairly powerful, and modular content management system (CMS). In this article we present the TEICHI suite of modules for Drupal that we developed, as well as a prototype implementation. TEICHI consists of a collection of modules for displaying TEI files online (via XSLT and CSS), interacting with them (via JavaScript), as well as uploading, searching, and downloading them. To showcase the particular strengths and possible use cases of our framework, we compare our tool to other currently available systems. Here, we focus on those tools which are suitable for textual scholars new to Digital Humanities and the TEI who would like to use the powerful encoding mechanisms provided by the TEI but have relatively little technical expertise. Therefore, we compare the TEICHI framework specifically to the Versioning Machine (VM) and the Scalable Architecture for Digital Editions (SADE). We look at these tools from four perspectives: that of the user interacting with the digital edition or archive, of the editor encoding and publishing texts, of the administrator setting up the publishing tool, and of the programmer possibly modifying or enhancing the tool. Our more general aim here is to investigate, from the perspective of tool development in the area of online delivery of TEI-encoded documents, what could be called the “tools paradox”: there is evidence for textual scholars’ need of such tools, and a number of them are available; however, the existing tools are not widely adopted by scholars. Our findings suggest that tool development has to address two aims which seem to be mutually exclusive, that of “keeping it simple” and that of “going generic”. In fact, we suggest that tool developers need to find ways of turning these conflicting aims into concurrent aims if they want to build successful tools and broaden their user base.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Sebastian Pape</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Christof Schöch</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Lutz Wegner</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/432</link>
    <dc:date>2012-02-03</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/210">
    <title>‘The Apex of Hipster XML GeekDOM’</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">If the notion of the methodological commons is as centrally located as we believe it to be in any visualization accurately depicting the intellectual structure of the digital humanities and digital literary studies (McCarty 2005, 119), then so, too, must be the community itself whose members provide that which populates the commons. As an interdiscipline, humanities computing has always well-understood its methodologies; indeed, the digital humanities (of which digital literary studies is a part), more generally, have made a virtue of the way in which they render explicit and tangible the theoretical models that govern the representative and analytical endeavour of their fields via computational application.  So, too, have those in the field understood and documented its formal structures and institutional manifestations, a chief example being the Text Encoding Initiative itself.  Less explicitly rendered and less formally documented–though intuited by its chief practitioners and builders–is the exact nature of the community itself, its depth and breadth, its own centre and, perhaps more important in a field whose embrace of interdisciplinarity is far from self-serving, its periphery and those aspects of which promise to become central.</p>
      <p class="resume">This article presents work carried out in conjunction with the Text Encoding Initiative Consortium, a foundation of many digital literary studies projects, work that seeks to document the full nature of its community, from the institutional and research project groups that comprise the formal consortium at centre to those who appear on the other side of the easily-permeable periphery that separates it from the centre, largely individual practitioners in areas hitherto not closely identified with the digital humanities but clearly sharing methods and tools, thus suggesting their place in the same communities of practice, as they are members of the same methodological commons.  This methodological approach is drawn from marketing and organizational behavior, manifest in social networking, in the study of viral marketing campaigns conducted in online environments.  The method for this work was centred around a viral marketing experiment designed to showcase the TEI and novel ways that it can be used to encode different kinds of text.  At the heart of the experiment was a Bob Dylan song and its associated video which incorporated text; encoded text was overlaid and the video was posted to YouTube and a blog with links to the TEI website with analysis of traffic patterns carried out.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>Lynne Siemens</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Ray Siemens</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Hefeng (Eddie) Wen</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Cara Leitch</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Dot Porter</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Liam Sherriff</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Karin Armstrong</dc:creator> 
    <dc:creator>Melanie Chernyk</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/210</link>
    <dc:date>2011-06-08</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://jtei.revues.org/215">
    <title>Computational Work with Very Large Text Collections</title>
    <description><![CDATA[
      <p class="resume">This essay will address the challenges and possibilities presented to the Text Encoding Initiative, particularly in the area of interoperability, by the very large text collections (on the order of millions of volumes) being made available for computational work in environments where the texts can be reprocessed into new representations, in order to be manipulated with analytical tools.  It will also consider TEI’s potential role in the design of these environments, these representations, and these tools.  The argument of the piece is that interoperability is a process as well as a state, that it requires mechanisms that would sustain it, and that TEI is one of those mechanisms.</p>]]></description> 
    <dc:creator>John Unsworth</dc:creator>
    <link>http://jtei.revues.org/215</link>
    <dc:date>2011-06-08</dc:date>
  </item>
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